Have you ever been cleaning your bathroom with a nasty chemical, and then you thought to yourself, “This is probably really bad for my health. I shouldn’t be touching this- it’s going to give me cancer!”, and then you realized, wait, I already have cancer! Does that ever happen to you? So funny.
So today I’m giving a quick lesson on the BRCA genes (BReast, CAncer; pronounced BRAH-kah for short); bear with me! I recently had genetic testing done to find out if I have a gene mutation that makes me predisposed to breast cancer. This really has no effect on my treatment, but in the best case scenario I get an explanation to why I may have gotten cancer (despite lacking a family history), and could also inform family members that they should get tested for the mutation.
The science:
(you can skip this part if you just don’t care)
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressing genes that we all have. Each cell has two copies of each of these genes so in case there is a mutation in one of them, there’s a back up copy. People who test positive for BRCA1 or BRCA2 start out with only one copy. One ‘event’ can cause the gene to mutate and lose its functionality. Without the tumor suppressing genes present, other mutated cells are allowed to divide (sometimes rapidly) which is what we call cancer. Women who are BRCA1 positive have about a 60% chance of developing cancer before the age of 70. Women who are BRCA2 positive have approximately a 40% chance. An average woman with no family history has a 12% chance. I really hope I’m explaining this right!
I was given the short panel of the four most common mutations (for expediency) and they all turned up negative. That was not a surprise because I had been tested for these in 2010. Due to advancements in technology, there was an outside chance that one of them could come up with a different result. Of these four tests, they all came back negative. So we kept digging. They tested me for 30 different, albeit rare, genes. It takes weeks to get the results back for a large panel like this. I got the results back this week and……all negative.
What does this mean? It means that there is no logical explanation as to why a young woman with no family history of breast cancer would be diagnosed with the disease; though, to be fair, I have a family history of just about every other type of cancer. I’m not bothered by all of this. I kind of expected that would be the result. It’s always nice to have an answer to things, but it doesn’t change the facts. Mostly, I wanted to know if there was anything that could inform my family about their increased risk. So to that I say, check me out: In terms of having breast cancer, I’m in first place!
-Lindsay